Thyroiditis

Inflammation of thyroid gland.

Clinically, there are 3 types of thyroiditis.
1- Hashimoto's thyroiditis
2- de Quervain thyroiditis
3- Reidel thyroiditis

HASHIMOTO'S THYROIDITIS


-Most common type of thyroiditis.
-Most common cause of Hypothyroidism in the world where iodine levels are sufficient.
-It is an AUTOIMMUNE disease with the presence of circulating autoantibodies in vast majority of Hashimoto's patients.
             -Anti Thyroid peroxidase (90%)
         -Anti TSH Receptor and Anti Thyroglobulin (60%)
         -Anti NaI Symporter (25%)

PATHOGENESIS:-  

 Hashimoto's thyroiditis is caused by a breakdown in self-tolerance to thyroid autoantigens.
 
 
 Note: Hashimoto's thyroiditis has a strong genetic component and associated with polymorphism in immune regulation-associated genes i.e.
1- Cytotoxic T lympocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA4)
                                                  2- Protein tyrosine phosphatase-22 (PTPN22)
                                         Both of these codes for regulators of T-cell response. 

             HLA genes associated with Hashimoto's are 
                                       HLA B-8
                                       HLA DR-3
                                       HLA DR-5

MICROSCOPICALLY:-


 
 
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